elisa kits  (R&D Systems)

Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Veronicastrum sibiricum (L.) Pennell extract alleviates inflammation-induced muscle atrophy through NLRP3 inflammasome regulation and mitochondrial function restoration

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2026.13857

Figure Lengend Snippet: VSE reduces the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. C2C12 myotubes were pretreated with VSE at 0 (LPS only), 1.25, 2.5 and 5 µg/ml for 3 h and then co-treated with 500 ng/ml LPS for 24 h. Controls received no treatments. (A) mRNA expression levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β were analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. (B) Protein expression levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β in the supernatant of C2C12 myotube cultures were analyzed using ELISA. All data are presented as the mean ± SD of triplicate results and statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. #### P<0.0001 vs. control; ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001 vs. LPS treatment. A450, absorbance at 450 nm; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; VSE, Veronicastrum sibiricum seed extract.

Article Snippet: Supernatants were acquired, and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α (cat. no. MTA00B; R&D systems, Inc.) and IL-1β was analyzed using ELISA kits (cat. no. DY401; R&D Systems, Inc.) according to the manufacturer's guidelines.

Techniques: Expressing, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: Histone methyl-transferase G9a inhibition boosts the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in experimental hepatocellular carcinoma

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102717

Figure Lengend Snippet: G9a inhibition potentiates the immunogenic effects of IFN-γ in HCC cells (A) Effect of CM272 and EZM8266 on IFN-γ-triggered CXCL10 production in murine (PM299L) and human (HuH7) HCC cells. Cells were treated with CM272 for 48 h or with CM272 for 24 h and then with IFN-γ (75 U/mL) for another 24 h or with IFN-γ alone for 24 h. PM299L were treated with 400 nM, and HuH7 received 1 μM of CM272 ( n = 3). For EZM8266, cells were pretreated for 48 h with EZM8266 (5 mM) and then with IFN-γ (75 U/mL) for another 24 h, as indicated. CXCL10 protein levels were measured by ELISA in cells’ conditioned media ( n = 3). (B) Effect of G9a inhibition with CM272 or EZM8266 on the expression of MHC class I complex protein (MHC-I) on the surface of PM299L cells. Cells were treated with IFN-γ and CM272 or EZM8266 as indicated in (A), and MHC-I levels were determined by FACS analysis ( n = 3). (C) ChIP analyses of H3K9me2 levels in the proximal promoter regions of CXCL10 and HLA-A genes in HuH7 cells treated with IFN-γ (75 U/mL) and CM272 (400 nM), as indicated in (A) ( n = 3). (D) Evaluation of the expression of transposable elements (TEs) and endogenous retroviral sequences (ERVs) by RNA-seq in NM53 murine HCC cells treated with IFN-γ, CM272, and their combination as indicated in (A). (E) Immunofluorescence analyses of dsRNA in PM299L HCC cells treated with CM272 (24 h) or EZM8266 (48 h). Representative images are shown. Scale bars, 10 μm. Right panel shows a control without primary antibody ( n = 3). Data are represented as mean ± SEM. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001. All the replicates represent biological replicates.

Article Snippet: CXCL9 and CXCL10 concentrations were measured in culture supernatants collected at the end of the incubation periods using commercial ELISA kits for mouse CXCL9 (DY492) and CXCL10 (DY466), both from R&D Systems, and an ELISA kit for human CXCL10 (550926) from BD Biosciences (Franklin Lanes, NJ, USA).

Techniques: Inhibition, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Retroviral, RNA Sequencing, Immunofluorescence, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Thymelaea hirsuta (L.) Endl . extract attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation via modulation of ATPase activity

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1781860

Figure Lengend Snippet: TMH inhibits activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. (A) Schematic workflow of in vitro NLRP3 inflammasome activation. (B,C) Cell viability was assessed in J774A.1 cells (B) and PMA (500 nM)-differentiated THP-1 cells (C) treated with TMH for 2 or 18 h using the EZ-Cytox assay. (D) LPS-primed J774A.1 cells were treated with TMH for 2 h, then stimulated with ATP (5 mM) for 30 min in the presence or absence of MCC950. IL-1β (p17) levels in supernatants were measured by ELISA. (E,F) PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells were primed with LPS, treated with TMH for 2 h, then stimulated with ATP (5 mM) (E) or nigericin (10 μM) (F) for 1 h, with or without MCC950. IL-1β (p17) levels in supernatants were determined by ELISA. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001; n.s., not significant.

Article Snippet: IL-1β levels in culture supernatants were quantified using a commercially available ELISA kit (mouse IL-1β: DY401, human IL-1β: DY201, R&D system, United States) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Activation Assay, In Vitro, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay